Macrocystidia cucumis

By Henk van der Gaag, MST Member

 The highlight of our Cain Foray 2001in Muskoka was by far the discovery of the mushroom Macrocystidia cucumis. We don’t know who did actually find it and where, other than it was from the Huntsville area. It turned up at the sorting tables, not looking like anything special. No one knew what it was. Maybe a Spathyrella, a Collybia, or a Marasmius. It was a cluster of smallish mushrooms with conical caps on long, slender stems, all in a nice deep rusty-brown colour, with a lighter cap margin and stem apex. The gills were pale at first, then becoming an unusual reddish ochre. One difficulty was being unsuccessful in obtaining a colour spore print.

 As usual there was little time left for additional microscopic work after all the day’s sorting, but late Saturday evening I found a little time to look at the gill margin. What a surprise! A totally unusual forest of large, by mushroom standards, cystidia covered the gill. Spindle-shaped (fusiform) cystidia of 50-100 : x 10-20 : size, obscured the basidia. The cap surface looked like a carpet of cystidia mixed with strange looking elements. Apparently these were the ends of hyphae that make up the outer layer of the cap (the pellis). The stem was also covered with cystidia. All by all, this makes the cap and stem appear velvety. The spores were ellipsoid, smooth and 9 x 5-5.5 :.

 With all this new information, Dr. David Malloch of the University of Toronto’s Department of Botany offered the suggestion that we could be dealing with a Macrocystidia cucumis. Except where was the cucumber smell which is variously described as that of cucumber, herring, or putty, depending on the age of the specimens, the temperature, or one’s nose. We did not detect any of those smells. However, odourless variants have been reported in Europe.

 Macrocystidia cucumis was originally called Naucoria cucumis. The genus has six species worldwide, but only one in Europe and North America. Mycologists are not sure where to fit in this genus. It is now usually place in the Tricholomataceae family. Flammulina velutipes, the Velvet Foot, might be its closest relative. The species is widespread in Europe and becoming more so. It also occurs in western North America, mainly in the northwest. For eastern Canada, this might be the first recorded find.